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632 Part IV . Running Applications . The menu bar contains buttons you can use to play the game. The Game menu lets you change settings and options, view player data, view messages, and clear your log. The Kingdom menu lets you change tax rates, find cities, and start revolutions. The View menu lets you place a grid on the map or center the view. The Orders menu is where you choose the items you build and the actions you take. The Reports menu lets you display reports related to cities, military, trade, and science, as well as other special reports. . A summary of the economy of your civilization appears under the overview map. Information includes number of people, current year, and money in the treasury. . Ten icons below the overview information represent how money is divided among luxuries (an entertainer), science (a researcher), and taxes (a tax collector). Essentially, these icons represent how much of your resources are placed into improving each of those attributes of your community. . When you have made all your moves for a turn, click Turn Done. Next to that, a light bulb indicates the progress of your research (increasing at each turn). A sun icon starts clear, but becomes brighter from pollution to warn of possible global warming. A government symbol indicates that you begin with a despotic government. The last icon tells you how much time is left in a turn. . The Unit box shows information about your current unit. You begin with two Settlers units (covered wagon icons) and one Explorer (a man icon) unit. Click on a Settler, Explorer, city, or other unit to use it or learn about it. Building Your Civilization Start building your civilization. The Freeciv manual makes these suggestions: . To change the distribution of money, choose Government.Tax Rates. Move the slider bars to redistribute the percentage of assets assigned to luxury, science, and taxes. Try increasing science and reducing taxes to start off. . Change the current unit to be a settler as follows: Click the stack of units on the map and click one of the Settlers from the menu that appears. . Begin building a city by clicking Orders.Build City. When prompted, type a name for the city and click OK. The window that appears shows information about the city. It starts with one happy citizen, represented by a single icon (more citizens will appear as the game progresses). . The Food, Prod, and Trade lines reflect the raw productivity statistics for the city. The first number shows how much is being produced; the second (in parentheses) shows the surplus above what is needed to support the units. The Gold, Luxury, and Science lines indicate the city s trade output. Granary numbers show how much food is stored and the size of the food store. The pollution level begins at zero. . Close the city window by clicking Close.
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Chapter 23 . Gaming with Linux 631 Figure 23-3: Choose a nation to begin Freeciv. 3. Choose a nation, name a leader, select your gender, choose the style of the city, and then click OK. At this point, you should be ready to begin playing Freeciv. Beginning with Freeciv Check out the Freeciv window before you start playing the game: . Click the Help button for topical information on many different subjects that will be useful to you as you play. (You can find more help at the Freeciv site.) . The world (by default) is 80 50 squares, with 11 8 squares visible at a time. . The active square contains an icon of the active unit (flashing alternatively with the square s terrain). . Some squares contain special resources. Press and hold the middle mouse button for information on what special resources a square contains. (With a two-button mouse, hold the Ctrl key and click the right mouse button.) Try this a few times to get a feel for the land around you. This action also identifies any units on the terrain, as well as statistics for the unit. . To see the world outside your 11 8 viewing area, click the scroll bars outside the map. At first, the part of the world you haven t explored yet will be black. As units are added, areas closer to those units will be visible. (Press C to return to the active part of your map.) . An overview map is in the upper-left corner of the Freeciv window. As the world becomes more civilized, this provides a good way to get an overview of what is going on. Right-click a spot on the overview map to have your viewport centered there.
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630 Part IV . Running Applications Figure 23-2 shows the window that appears when you start Freeciv. Figure 23-2: Play Freeciv to build civilizations and compete against others. If Freeciv won t start, you may be logged in as root. You must be logged in as a regular user to run the civ command. You can play a few games by yourself, if you like, to get to know the game before you play against others on the network. The following procedure describes how to start your first practice Freeciv game: 1. Select Start New Game. (Besides starting the client, this action also starts civserver, which will allow others to connect to your game, if you like.) You are asked to choose the number of players, skill level and other game options. 2. Select 2 to play against the computer or more if you want others to join in, then click Start. A What Nation Will You Be? window appears on the client, as shown in Figure 23-3. Note
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Chapter 23 . Gaming with Linux 629 In this example, name should be replaced with the name of the ICS host. In ICS mode, you can watch games, play against other users, or replay games that have finished. The ICS host is a gathering place for enthusiasts who want to play chess against others on the Internet, watch games, participate in tournaments, or just meet chess people. Here s an example of starting an ICS session at chess.net from a Terminal window: $ xboard -ics -icshost chess.net Welcome to . . . login: guest When you first visit, type guest and press Enter to log into the chess server as a guest. (You can add a real account later by typing /register.) The XBoard window opens on your screen. Keep an eye on the Terminal window where you started the session. Someone will probably challenge you to a game within a few moments. For example, if a challenge ended with Type /accept 102 to accept the sought challenge, you d respond: chess% /accept 102 You can begin playing. To learn more about how to play, visit http://chess.net/ help. Select the Beginners Manual to start. Other chess servers you can try include the Internet Chess Club (ICC) at www.chessclub.com or Free Internet Chess Server at www.freechess.org. Freeciv Freeciv is a free clone of the popular Civilization game series from Atari. With Freeciv, you create a civilization that challenges competing civilizations for world dominance. A commercial port of Civilization for Linux (Civilization: Call to Power) was created a few years ago by Loki Games (described later in this chapter). The commonly distributed version of Freeciv contains both client software (to play the game) and server software (to connect players together). You can connect to your server and try the game yourself or (with a network connection) play against up to 14 other players on the Internet. To install Freeciv, check out the download page on the www.freeciv.org Web site. Choose your language, start downloading, install, and have fun. You can start Freeciv from a Terminal window by typing: $ civclient & Note
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628 Part IV . Running Applications have the computer play against itself, or replay stored chess games. You can even play chess against other users on the Internet using Internet Chess Servers (ICS). The XBoard program is an X-based chess game that provides a graphical interface for gnuchess. GNU Chess (represented by the gnuchess package) describes itself as a communal chess program. It has had many contributors, and it seeks to advance a more open and friendly environment of sharing in the chess community. With XBoard, you can move graphical pieces with your mouse. To play chess against the computer, launch XBoard (from most KDE menus, click Games.Board Games.XBoard). Then start by just moving a piece with your mouse. While in the XBoard window, select Mode.Two Machines to have the computer play itself. Select File.Load Game to load a game in Portable Game Notation (PGN). Figure 23-1 shows the XBoard window with a Two Machines game in progress. Figure 23-1: In the XBoard window, you can either play against the computer or replay saved games. You can use XBoard to play online against others by connecting an XBoard session to an Internet Chess Server (ICS). To start XBoard as an interface to an ICS, type the following command: $ xboard -ics -icshost name
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Chapter 23 . Gaming with Linux 627 Game Description Cardgames Patience Choose from nine different solitaire card games. Kpoker Video poker clone. Play five-card draw, choosing which cards to hold and which to throw. Lieutenant Skat Play the card game Skat. Megami Play four blackjack hands against a dealer. Tactics and Strategy KJumping Cube Click squares to increase numbers and take over adjacent squares. Katomic Move pieces to create different chemical compounds. Konquest Expand your interstellar empire in this multiplayer game. Kolor Lines Move marbles to form five-in-a-row and score points. Kmines Minesweeper clone. Click safe spaces and avoid the bombs. Ksokoban The Japanese warehouse keeper game. SameGame Erase game pieces to score points. The games on the KDE menu range from amusing to quite challenging. If you are used to playing games in Windows, KMines and Patience will seem like old favorites. KAsteroids and KPoker are good for the mindless game category. For a mental challenge (it s harder than it looks), try KSokoban. For a challenging multiuser game on the GNOME menu, try Freeciv. And, of course, there is Chess (XBoard version of gnuchess). Boson (http://bosun.eu.org) is a fun, real-time strategy that runs on KDE desktops. Although the game is still in its early stages of development (0.10 release), it s a good way to try out the capabilities of your gaming hardware in Linux. You can download it from http://boson.eu.org/download.php. The following sections describe a couple of the more interesting games distributed with, or available for, common Linux distributions. Chess Games Chess was one of the first games played on computer systems. While the game hasn t changed over the years, the way it s played on computers has. Most chess programs that come with Linux let you play against the computer (in text or graphical modes), Note
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626 Part IV . Running Applications KDE Games A bunch of games are available for the KDE desktop environment. (In Fedora Core 4, these games come in the kdegames package.) Table 23-2 contains a list of KDE games that come with Fedora Core 4. There may be a different set of games included with your Linux distribution. Table 23-2 Games for the KDE Desktop Game Description Arcade Games Kasteroids Destroy asteroids in the classic arcade game. Kbounce Add walls to block in bouncing balls. KFoul Eggs Squish eggs in this Tetris-like game. Klickety Click color groups to erase blocks in this adaptation of Clickomania. Kolf Play a round of virtual golf. Ksirtet Tetris clone. Try to fill in lines of blocks as they drop down. KsmileTris Tetris with smiley faces. KsnakeRace Race your snake around a maze. KspaceDuel Fire at another spaceship as you spin around a planet. Ktron Snake-style race game. Board Games Atlantik Play this Monopoly-like game against other players on the network. KBackgammon Online version of backgammon. Kbattleship Sink the opponent s battleship in this online version of the board game. KblackBox Find hidden balls by shooting rays. Kenolaba Move game pieces to push opponents pieces off the board. Kmahjongg Classic oriental tile game. Kreversi Flip game pieces to outmaneuver the opponent. Shisen-Sho Tile game similar to Mahjongg. Kwin4 Drop colored pieces to get four pieces in a row.
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Chapter 23 . Gaming with Linux 625 Table 23-1 GNOME Games Game Description AisleRiot (solitaire) Lets you select from among 28 different solitaire card games. Chess Gnuchess game in X. (Runs the xboard and gnuchess commands.) Chromium Configuration Set options such as skill level, screen size, and sound for Chromium. Chromium Deliver supplies to troops in battle in this action game. FreeCell A popular solitaire card game. Freeciv (Isometric tileset) In this strategy game, you try to lead your civilization to extinguish all others. (Uses Isometric tile set to represent cities, oceans, and other terrain.) Freeciv Server (new game) Server program needed to play Freeciv. Ataxx Board game where you flip over circles to consume enemy pieces. Lines Match five colored balls in a row to score points. Four-In-A-Row Drop balls to beat the game at making four in a row. Nibbles Steer a worm around the screen while avoiding walls. Robots Later version of Gnobots, which includes movable junk heaps. Mines Minesweeper clone. Click on safe spaces and avoid the bombs. Stones Move around a cave, collect diamonds, and avoid rocks. Tetravex A clone of Tetravex from the GNOME project. Move blocks so that numbers on each side align. Klotski Move pieces around to allow one piece to escape. Tali Yahtzee clone. Roll dice to fill in categories. Iagno Flip black and white chips to maneuver past the opponent. Maelstrom Navigate a spaceship through an asteroid field. Mahjongg Classic Asian tile game. Same GNOME Eliminate clusters of balls for high score. PenguinPlanet Racer Steer a penguin as he races down a hill on his belly.
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624 Part IV . Running Applications To find out whether DRI is working on your current video card, type the following: $ glxinfo | grep rendering direct rendering: Yes This example shows that direct rendering is enabled. If it were not supported, the output would say No instead of Yes. While DRI can be important, many games implement OpenGL rendering, which is a feature supported by both NVIDIA and ATI video cards. To enable rendering for cards that support it, add the following line to your /etc/X11/xorg.conf file: Load render Basic X Window Games The X Window System created a great opportunity for games in Linux/UNIX systems to become graphics-based rather than text-based, so that instead of having little character symbols representing robots and arrows, the games could actually show pictures of little robots and arrows. A lot of entertaining games run in X. Unless otherwise noted, all of the X games described in this section are free. Also, the GNOME and KDE environments that come with most desktop Linux distributions (described in Chapter 3) each have a set of games associated with it. GNOME Games GNOME games consist of some old card games and a bunch of games that look suspiciously like ones you would find on Windows systems. If you are afraid of losing your favorite desktop diversion (such as Solitaire, FreeCell, and Minesweeper) when you leave Windows, have no fear. You can find many of them under GNOME games. Table 23-1 lists the GNOME games available with most GNOME desktop systems from the panel menu, including Fedora Core 4. See the GNOME Games site (www.gnome.org/projects/gnome-games) for further details. Many KDE games (see Table 23-2) are available if you have a KDE desktop installed.
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Chapter 23 . Gaming with Linux 623 now use X.Org). Resulting video driver modules may be specific to the Linux kernel you are running. So, know that if you upgrade your kernel, you might need to reinstall your video driver as well. The rpm.livna.org site has greatly simplified the process of installing ATI and NVIDIA drivers for Fedora Core and other Red Hat systems. Refer to the Livna Switcher page (http://rpm.livna.org/livna-switcher.html) to learn how to install RPM packages containing the ATI or NVIDIA drivers you need. If you load a binary-only driver, it does what is referred to as tainting the kernel. As a result, you won t be able to get support if you run into problems (at least from kernel.org) because, lacking the source code, it is hard to debug driver-related problems. Also, binary-only drivers are known to cause obscure problems because they get out of sync with kernel code changes. Similarly, binary-only drivers aren t updated as frequently as the kernel. While many people, including myself, use binary-only drivers in special cases, they do have shortcomings that you should be aware of. Open Source Video Drivers If you want to use open source drivers for 3D accelerated gaming, whether you are running the games using Cedega or natively in Linux, look for cards that have drivers that support OpenGL. The DRI project is one initiative that is creating OpenGL driver implementations. Following is a list of video card manufacturers that have DRI video driver support available. The list is from the DRI project site (http://dri.sourceforge.net/). . ATI Technologies You don t have to use binary-only drivers to get 3D acceleration for some ATI video cards with open source drivers. Chip sets from ATI Technologies that support DRI include the Mach64 (Rage Pro), Radeon 7X00 (R100), Radeon 2 / 8500 (R200), and Rage 128 (Standard, Pro, Mobility). Cards based on these chip sets include All-in-Wonder 128, Rage Fury, Rage Magnum, Xpert 99, Xpert 128, and Xpert 2000. . 3dfx If you can find a used unit on eBay (3dfx is no longer in business), there are several 3dfx cards that support DRI. In particular, the Voodoo (3, 4, and 5) and Banshee chip sets have drivers that support DRI. Voodoo 5 cards support 16 and 24 bpp. Scan Line Interleaving (SLI), where two or more 3D processors work in parallel (to result in higher frame rates) is not supported for 3dfx cards. . 3Dlabs Graphics cards containing the MX/Gamma chip set from 3Dlabs have drivers available that support DRI in Linux. . Intel Supported video chip sets from Intel include the i810 (e, e2, and -dc100), i815, and i815e. . Matrox The Matrox chip sets that have drivers that support DRI include the G200, G400, G450, and G550. Cards that use these chips include the Millennium G450, Millennium G400, Millennium G200, and Mystique G200. Caution Note
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