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Chapter 29 . Programming Tools and Utilities 799 The output might be different on your system. The ldconfig Command ldconfig determines the runtime links required by shared libraries that are located in /usr/lib and /lib, specified in libs on the command line, and stored in /etc/ ld.so.conf. It works in conjunction with ld.so, the dynamic linker/loader, to create and maintain links to the most current versions of shared libraries available on a system. It has the following syntax: ldconfig [options] [libs] A bare ldconfig simply updates the cache file, /etc/ld.so.cache. options controls ldconfig s behavior. The -v option tells ldconfig to be verbose as it updates the cache. The -p option says to print without updating the current list of shared libraries about which ld.so knows. Environment Variables and Configuration Files The dynamic linker/loader ld.so uses a number of environment variables to customize and control its behavior. These variables include: . $LD_LIBRARY_PATH This variable contains a colon-separated list of directories in which to search for shared libraries at runtime. It is similar to the $PATH environment variable. . $LD_PRELOAD This variable is a whitespace-separated list of additional, user-specified shared libraries to load before all other libraries. It is used selectively to override functions in other shared libraries. ld.so also uses two configuration files whose purposes parallel those environment variables: . /etc/ld.so.conf Contains a list of directories that the linker/loader should search for shared libraries in addition to the standard directories, /usr/lib and /lib. . /etc/ld.so.preload Contains a disk-based version of the $LD_PRELOAD environment variable, including a whitespace-separated list of shared libraries to be loaded prior to executing a program. You can use $LD_PRELOAD to override installed versions of a library with a specific version; this is often useful when you are testing a new (or different) library version but don t want to install the replacement library on your system.
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